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Free Collapse Game

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 Overview

Clear matching bricks and blow up the rest. Will you survive or Collapse!?
Click matching groups of three or more bricks to clear the board. After you clear all of the new rows of bricks, you will move on to the next level. Don't let the wall of bricks reach the top or the game will end. Watch out! Those falling bricks speed up over time!

1.    To start the round, click Click to Start.

2.   Use your mouse to click groups of three or more matching bricks to clear them from your brick wall.


3.   Click bombs to clear large groups of bricks.

Flatten Your Abs with Yoga

6 poses to burn belly fat on the mat

Slim Your Stomach

For a strong core, try this ab-focused yoga series

Take a break from crunches and get the flat belly you want with yoga. As you work through these poses, you’ll engage your core muscles and concentrate on balance and breathing. If you can’t hold a pose for very long, don’t worry. You’ll build strength each time. Just do as much as you can and work up to holding each pose for 10 breaths. 

Straight Leg Lift and Lower, Part 1

1. Lie on your back and place a block between your upper thighs.
2. Bring your legs straight up to the ceiling and flex your feet.
3. Keep your lower back pressed firmly into the ground. 

Hint: If you don't have a block, try using a sturdy throw pillow. 

 

Straight Leg Lift and Lower, Part 2

1. From the position above, start to lower your legs toward the ground.

2. Only lower them as far as you can, keeping the lower back flat on the ground. If you drop your legs all the way down and your lower back pops up, this move loses its ab-strengthening power and can strain the lower back.

3. Repeat 10 times.

 Spine Massage Roll-Ups

1. Stay on your back and bring your legs straight up. Think of this move as a massage for the spine rather than an abdominal exercise.

2. Bring your feet over your head, rolling on your spine slowly until your feet touch the ground behind you. If this is too much on your spine or neck, only bring your feet as far as you can without feeling pain in your back.

3. Return your feet to the straight-up position.

4. Repeat 10 times. 

 Rocking Boat

1. Come into Boat Pose with bent knees.

Boat Pose:
a. Sit with your knees bent, feet flat on the floor.

b. Hold on to your legs under thighs, grabbing just above the knees. Lean back slightly.

c. Raise your feet off the floor and press them together. Lift your feet until your shins are parallel to the floor.

d. Extend your arms straight in front of you to shoulder height, palms up.

2. Tip your knees to one side and then the other. Try to keep the motion steady.

3. Keep breathing and repeat 10 times.

Bent-Leg Boat Raise and Lower

1. Come back into Boat Pose.

2. Lower your torso and legs toward the floor, hovering just above the floor. Bring the whole thing back up into Boat Pose.

3. Repeat 10 times. 

1-Minute Plank Pose

1. Come into Plank Pose.

Plank Pose:

a. Get into a push-up position: Hands are shoulder-width apart, feet are hip-width apart, and your heels, ankles, butt, spine, shoulders, neck, and head should be in one long line.

b. Bend your elbows to lower your body, keeping your elbows hugged into your ribs.

2. Try holding this position for 1 minute. You’ll feel this in your abs as well as the whole body.

3. Keep focused on your abs so you can keep the entire body in one strong line. 

 Upward Dog Stretch

1. Lie facedown, the tops of your feet on the mat. Bend your elbows and place your palms on the floor beside your lower ribs.

2. Push up, straightening your arms without locking your elbows, and lift your upper legs and torso into the air.

3. Arch your chest upward, lifting the sternum. Keep elbows in, close to your sides.

The main purpose of the pose is to give your abs a nice stretch, so breathe deep and enjoy your hard work

Hint: Roll your shoulders back.

Nutritional Information
(per serving)

Calories	92
Total Fat	4g
Saturated Fat	1g
Cholesterol	2mg
Sodium	158mg
Total Carbohydrate	10g
Dietary Fiber	3g
Sugars	--
Protein	3g
Calcium

Yields: 6 servings, about 1 cup each

Total Time: 30 min

Prep Time: 30 min

 Ingredients

• 1 tablespoon(s) extra-virgin olive oil
• 1 small onion, halved and sliced
• 1 tablespoon(s) (1 teaspoon dried) finely chopped fresh oregano
• 1/2 cup(s) white wine or reduced-sodium chicken broth
• 1 pound(s) green beans, trimmed
• 1 medium summer squash or zucchini, halved and cut into 1-inch pieces
• 1 cup(s) halved cherry tomatoes or grape tomatoes
• 1/4 teaspoon(s) salt
• 1/4 teaspoon(s) freshly ground pepper
• 1/4 cup(s) finely shredded Parmesan cheese

---

Directions

1. Heat oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add onion and oregano and cook, stirring, until softened and beginning to brown, about 2 minutes. Add wine (or broth) and bring to a boil. Add green beans, reduce heat to a simmer, cover, and cook for 10 minutes, stirring once or twice. Add summer squash (or zucchini) and tomatoes and continue cooking until the vegetables are tender, 8 to 10 minutes more. Season with salt and pepper. Serve sprinkled with Parmesan.
   
   Carb Servings: 2 vegetables, 1/2 fat. Carbohydrate Servings: 1/2. Nutrition Bonus: Vitamin C (30% daily value), Vitamin A (15% dv).

Asian Green Bean Stir-Fry

Nutritional Information
(per serving)

Calories	59
Total Fat	2g
Saturated Fat	0
Cholesterol	0
Sodium	327mg
Total Carbohydrate	10g
Dietary Fiber	--
Sugars	--
Protein	3g
Calcium	0

 

1.    Total Time: 20 min 

2.    Prep Time: 10 min 

3.    Cook Time: 10 min

 

Ingredients

• 1 teaspoon(s) sesame oil
• 1 pound(s) green beans, trimmed and cut into 1-inch pieces
• 1 pinch(s) crushed red pepper, or to taste
• 1/2 cup(s) water
• 1 bag(s) mixed stir-fry vegetables, rinsed, or 1 1/2 cups frozen mixed stir-fry vegetables
• 1 tablespoon(s) black bean-garlic sauce, (see Ingredient note)

---

Directions

1. Heat oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add green beans and crushed red pepper and cook, stirring often, until seared in spots, 2 to 3 minutes. Add water, cover, reduce heat to medium and cook, stirring occasionally, about 3 minutes for tender-crisp or 6 minutes for tender. Uncover, increase heat to medium-high, add stir-fry vegetables and black bean-garlic sauce. Cook, stirring often, until heated through and most of the liquid has evaporated, 1 to 2 minutes.

Citrus Salad with Candied Ginger

(Total Time: 45 min)

Ingredients

• 2  pink or red grapefruits
• 6  navel oranges
• 10  clementines
• 1/4 cup(s) sugar
• 2 tablespoon(s) crystallized ginger, minced
• 3/4 cup(s) salted roasted almonds, such as marcona, chopped

---

Directions

1. Finely grate 1 teaspoon each of grapefruit zest, orange zest, and clementine zest into a large bowl and add the sugar.
2. Using a sharp knife, peel the citrus, removing all of the bitter white pith. Working over the bowl, cut the grapefruits and oranges in between the membranes and release the sections into the bowl. Squeeze the juice from the membranes over the fruit. Cut each clementine into eighths. Add to the bowl along with the ginger and stir. Sprinkle with the almonds just before serving.

Let Shoes Be Your Style Coup

 

 

Try an Unexpected Color Combo

Photo: Lester Cohen/Wire Image

Leighton Meester stood out on the red carpet in ultra-bright Pierre Hardy wedges and a sorbet-colored Christian Dior dress. Don't be afraid to swap out autopilot color combos for a more original pairing like bright orange and soft pink.

 

 

 Invest in Luxe Over-the-Knee Boots

Photo: Foc Kan/Wire Images

Wearing a T-shirt and jeans never looked this good. Claudia Schiffer looked completely chic at a Chanel show in gorgeous over-the-knee boots. Take a cue from the supermodel and try a cognac-colored statement boot to break up an otherwise neutral outfit..

Take It Easy in Ornate Flats

Photo: Pascal Le Segretain/Getty Images

Amp up a simple dress with embellished flats like the silver-studded Valentino pair Alexa Chung wore on a rainy day in London. The edgy accents add major style to otherwise comfortable shoes, making them easy to throw on for just about any occasion.

 

Don a Dash of Leopard

Photo: Fred Duval/Film Magic

Truth be told, leopard goes with just about everything. Michelle Williams added Charlotte Olympia animal-print pumps to her red lace Erdem dress, instantly nabbing a spot on the best-dressed list. Pair your leopard heels (or flats) with just about any color under the rainbow for a look that is totally now.

Wear Art on Your Feet

Photo: Jason Merritt/Getty Images

Julianne Moore rocked origami-like Nicholas Kirkwood platforms with an effortless Roland Mouret LBD for an edgy, understated look. Invest in artwork for your feet and pat yourself on the sartorial back when they complete your outfit time and time again.

Buckle Up in an Edgy Bootie

Photo: WENN.com

Kate Bosworth channeled her inner rock star in red Chloe booties, acid-washed jeans, and an oversize blazer. Add a pair of punk-inspired boots to your weekend look for an instant dose of downtown cool.

 

Add a Splash of Shocking Neon

Photo: Jeffrey Ufberg/Wire Image

Sarah Jessica Parker knows better than anyone that fashion is supposed to be fun. Her neon Nicholas Kirkwood platforms prove she's not afraid to stand out. Add some color to your day by trying a pair of bold heels in this season's ultra-bright hues.

Slip on a Boys Loafer

Photo: Demis Maryannakis, PacificCoastNews.comSimply put, menswear is just more comfortable than women's. Olivia Palermo polished off her black pantsuit with dapper Stubbs & Wooton loafers, proving that the easygoing look isn't just for the boys. Keep a masculine oxford on tap for the perfect finishing touch to everything from girly dresses to tailored separates.

The Role Of Protein As A Fat Burner

Scientific studies have recently been conducted to verify the fact that if you eat more protein, especially during a lowered calorie diet, you will wind up losing less muscle tissue than those who don't. It should be pointed out here that the number one thing to remember when losing weight with any method, is to make sure you don't lose too much muscle mass. Muscles increase the metabolism greatly which means if we lose enough of it, our metabolism can drop sharply.

Muscles burn fat because they need calories for maintenance. So the more muscle you have, the more calories you will burn daily. People who go on starvation diets lose large amounts of muscle tissue. When these people return to normal eating habits, their metabolism will actually work slower from the lost muscle mass. They will tend to put on even more weight than they initially lost from dieting and losing weight becomes even harder and frustrating.

Protein is a word that literally means "of prime importance". It is an essential nutrient that is used to build the body, especially the muscles. It's also used to build organs, hair, hormones, nails and many more body parts. The human body cannot operate or survive without adequate protein. People who tend to have issues with their weight were found to eat much less protein than needed. Your protein needs will be much higher if you regularly engange in exercise or are very mentally active.

Protein is such a useful tool for weight loss in many ways, one of them being for it's thermic value. Of all the food types, protein has the highest thermic value which means that it is the hardest to digest and uses up more calories in the process. Taking longer to digest, it will leave you feeling satisfied for a longer period of time. It also doesn't cause your blood sugar level to spike too quickly.

An important aspect of protein is that it's made up of what's called amino acids. There are actually 12 essential amino acids that the body is unable to produce by itself and has to acquire them from external food sources. The majority of people are deficient in certain amino acids. This is either because they simply don't consume enough, or that they don't eat foods that have high quality protein within them that the body can easily assimilate. Eggs and yogurt contain protein of high biological value. What this means is that we can use this type of protein much easier than other types. Another good source is whey protein powder.

If the foods that you eat regularly are low in nutrients and amino acids, your body will be hungry more often. This is because it needs to eat a lot to get those nutrients that it needs. If on the other hand, you started to eat nutrient-dense foods, the body will need less food and only need food when it needs calories for energy. This is actually one of the biggest reasons why people fail on crash or fad types of diets. They feel intense hunger when depriving their body from what it really needs.

It needs to be mentioned here that when cook protein, parts of it actually get transformed and destroys certain key amino acids. Protein is sensitive to heat, so it is a good idea to add a few raw protein sources to your current diet. These could include seeds, yogurt, nuts, fruit, some vegetables, whey and cheese that have not been cooked. This will provide you with all 12 of those essential amino acids that the body craves. It can then produce the other acids from the initial 12.

To also help preserve the muscle tissue in the body, you can do more exercise or weight training. If your body needs it's muscle for frequent motion, it will tend not to use them as fuel. It will begin using stores of fat to feed the muscles and cells in the body.

Face Care Tips

You need to indulge in cleansing, scrubbing and moisturizing your skin for having a glowing face and these are the chief face care tips. Applying sun-screen lotion is also essential. You need to eat right, drink plenty of water to have a glowing skin.

Some Important Face Care Tips

Before indulging in using any kind of top branded products for your facial care, you need to assess your skin type. Face is the most delicate and important part of our body that needs to retain its natural shine and glow. However, in order to have that radiant glow, you need to abide by a healthy diet, need to keep aside stress. You can engage in a simple yet effective facial care program to ensure that your face looks bright and beautiful. You can follow some of the easy but effective face care tips that do not involve a time consuming process. 

Clean your face with a cleanser

Buy a cleansing milk of a reputed brand to remove dirt, oil, make-up from your face. Using soap to wash your face is something which is a strict no-no. Using soap makes your skin dry and rough. Cleansers work wonders to remove the impurities by penetrating deep into the pores of your face and it is one of the crucial face care tips.

Indulge in the act of scrubbing

Dead skin cells are a common phenomenon that you can come across more often. To do away with dead skin cells you need to scrub your face. Scrubs remove the top layer of the dead skin cells. Many effective and reliable products are available in the market and you can choose from one that suits your skin. If you are seeking for a home remedy, then you can use sugar to scrub your face.

Moisturizing is crucial

You need to keep your skin hydrated and to serve that purpose moisturize your skin thoroughly. It is one of the most effective face care tips. In order to flaunt shiny, smooth skin you need to apply the required amount of moisture that is needed for your skin type. However, do not overdo in a bid to possess bright, glowing skin as excess use of moisturizer will block the pores on your face. Your skin needs to breathe, feel smooth and when you moisturize it thoroughly, your skin feels good. In winter, a natural way of moisturizing your skin can be by applying olive oil. Ensure that you buy a moisturizer that suits your skin type and is of a well-known brand.

Using sun-screen lotion is necessary

Long exposure to the UV rays of the sun can have an adverse effect on your skin. You not only get skin tans but can have harmful diseases also. So you need to protect your skin from the scorching rays of the sun by using sun-screen lotion. You should not avoid one of the most crucial face care tips. So it is advisable to apply sun-screen lotion on the body parts that are left exposed and absorb the UV rays when you go out.  You need to protect your skin otherwise the facial program that you engage in of cleansing, scrubbing and moisturizing will not give the desired result.

Curing acne problems

You need to check your diet, drink plenty of water if you are facing acne problems. Topical antibiotics and Benzoyl Peroxide are sure to provide great relief by curing your acne problems.  To have a healthy skin, you need to eat healthy, exercise and be fit.

How to Apply Mascara

Applying these makeup tips to update your look is a skill that can be learned by anyone can learn to use these cosmetics tips to make the most of her own natural looks.

Before applying mascara, consider curling your lashes with a lash curler to open up your eyes. Eyes makeup application is helpful to frame the eyes, especially if your lashes are short. To curl eyelashes with a lash curler your should start by squeezing in "steps" from the lash line to about 3/4 of the way toward tips of eyes makeup application.

Generally mascara is applied in two coats of eyes makeup application. To apply mascara, place your finger about mid-lid or on your eyebrow and pull up in order to hold your lid taut and it will be ready eyes makeup.

Holding the wand parallel, sweep on mascara from roots to ends. Apply only to lash tips at first for a ready eyes makeup. Roll the wand slightly as you move, wiggle the wand slightly from side to side, along the lashes to distribute mascara evenly for ready eyes makeup.

Mascara is formulated with rich moisturizers. Let the mascara dry for 4-5 minutes for a ready eyes makeup. Don't hurry, calm down and wait.

Once the first application has dried, apply a second for a ready eyes makeup. For thicker lashes, cautiously apply mascara to the upper side of the lashes as well.

Use your mascara applicator spiral brush or lash comb to give lashes a final brush-through after they’ve dried to remove any clumps and give lashes a more natural look.

Adding too much mascara on the lower lashes can be aging to more mature eyes.

Teenage Cosmetics

Almost every girl has a cosmetic bag which she carries with herself to wherever she goes. There are a certain things that are a must-have to be in the collection of cosmetics of the teenage girls. 

In fact, the cosmetic bag which is also the emergency tool-kit of girls should always be equipped with a few basic things that are very feminine and always helpful to get any kind of look at any part of the day.

A mascara, a face shimmer, a nice pink lip gloss and a blush on are a must have for the emergency tool kit of teenage girls. They add a spark to a girl’s face instantly and make her get all set for a party. The mascara is helpful in adding a volume and glamour to the eyes. It gives a proper look to the eye lashes and helps in the lengthening of the eye lashes. A face shimmer is there to make the face features get prominent and look more appealing while a blush on enhances the shape of a face by making the cheek bone get a bit prominent. 

Lastly, a lip gloss is surely a girl’s best friend because it completes the overall look by adding a perfect sexy touch to the face. All these cosmetics can be obtained within a very nominal range and they last for quite a long time. Companies like Cover Girl, Bonnebell etc are very popular amongst the teenage girls for their funky range of cosmetics. 

It is very important for teenage girls to know that they have a very delicate skin. The use of any low quality or harsh product can do a lot of damage to the skin which can result in blackheads, pimples, open pores and many other problems. Therefore, a minimum amount of make-up is advisable for teenage girls which not only helps in protecting the skin but also helps in not giving a very mature look to a teenage girl suddenly. 

Bright and floral tones of color are always preferable for girls. They give a very feminine and soft look to them; therefore, the girls should be open to experimentation with nice and bright shades. Eyes are the most preferable part for trying out the bright shades. But it should be remembered that you should not go over-board with the colors. A natural tone with a little glossy effect should be maintained. A lip gloss should always be chosen over a lipstick. Lipsticks are for mature women while, lip glosses are for trendy and young girls. A clear and transparent lip gloss is always the first choice but lip gloss in different shades of pink can also be selected. Hair is an important form of the overall look. The look is incomplete if your hair is not done well. For teenagers, different hairstyles always work well but keep your hairstyle as natural as possible. Avoid too much styling of your hair as it damages the hair very badly.

No doubt, cosmetics are very important for girls as they change the overall look and add a little spark to the personality. But for teenage girls the best cosmetic amongst all the cosmetics is innocence and being natural. Girls should try to keep themselves as natural as possible because their natural charm is their true beauty. Getting over dressed with lots of make-up never makes a girl stand out more than the natural look. Therefore, the use of cosmetics should be kept as minimal as possible and if needed, good quality herbal and chemical free cosmetics should be used to avoid any damage to the skin.

Oral Care

This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use. How this information was developed to help you make better health decisions. © 1995-2010 Healthwise, Incorporated. Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated.

By:	Healthwise Staff	Last Revised: January 22, 2009
Medical Review:	Kathleen Romito, MD - Family Medicine Steven K. Patterson, BS, DDS, MPH - Dentistry

 

What is oral care?

Oral care is the practice of keeping the mouth clean in order to prevent cavities, gingivitis, periodontitis, bad breath, and other dental disorders. Oral hygiene consists of both personal and professional care. Dental X-rays may be performed as part of routine professional examinations.

• Basic Dental Care
• Common Concerns
• Routine Checkups
• Gum Disease
• Orthodontics

Basic Dental Care

Overview

Is this topic for you?
This topic provides information on basic dental care. If you are looking for information on tooth decay or cavities, see the topic Tooth Decay. If you are looking for information on gum disease (periodontal disease), see the topic Gum Disease.

What is basic dental care?

Basic dental care involves brushing and flossing your teeth regularly, seeing your dentist and/or dental hygienist for regular checkups and cleanings, and eating a mouth-healthy diet, which means foods high in whole grains, vegetables and fruits, and dairy products.

Why is basic dental care important?

Practicing basic dental care:

• Prevents tooth decay.
• Prevents gum (periodontal) disease, which can damage gum tissue and the bones that support teeth, and in the long term can lead to the loss of teeth.
• Shortens time with the dentist and dental hygienist, and makes the trip more pleasant.
• Saves money. By preventing tooth decay and gum disease, you can reduce the need for fillings and other costly procedures.
• Helps prevent bad breath. Brushing and flossing rid your mouth of the bacteria that cause bad breath.
• Helps keep teeth white by preventing staining from food, drinks, and tobacco.
• Improves overall health.
• Makes it possible for your teeth to last a lifetime.

Are there ways to avoid dental problems?

Keeping your teeth and gums healthy requires good nutrition and regular brushing and flossing.

• Brush your teeth twice a day—in the morning and before bed—and floss once a day. This removes plaque, which can lead to damaged teeth, gums, and surrounding bone.
• Use a toothpaste that contains fluoride, which helps prevent tooth decay and cavities. Ask your dentist if you need a mouthwash that contains fluoride or one with ingredients that fight plaque. Look for toothpastes that have been approved by the American Dental Association.
• Avoid foods that contain a lot of sugar. Sugar helps plaque grow.
• Avoid using tobacco products, which can cause gum disease and oral cancer. Exposure to tobacco smoke (secondhand smoke) also may cause gum disease as well as other health problems.¹
• Practice tongue cleaning. You can use a tongue cleaner or a soft-bristle toothbrush, stroking in a back-to-front direction. Tongue cleaning is particularly important for people who smoke or whose tongues are coated or deeply grooved.
• Schedule regular trips to the dentist based on how often you need exams and cleaning.

When should my child start seeing a dentist?

By the time your child is 6 months of age, your doctor should assess the likelihood of your child having future dental problems. If he or she thinks your child will have dental problems, be sure your child sees a dentist before his or her first birthday or 6 months after the first primary teeth appear, whichever comes first. After your first visit, schedule regular visits every 6 months or as your dentist recommends.
Experts recommend that your child's dental care start at 12 months of age. If your baby has dental problems caused by injury, disease, or a developmental problem, see your pediatric dentist right away.

Common Concerns

The following are some concerns that many people have about going to the dentist and dental care.

• What can I do about being scared? Dental anxiety is being nervous before or during a dental visit. This can make going to the dentist a difficult experience. You can take steps to limit your anxiety, such as explaining your fears to the dentist and setting up a system of hand signals.
• Do I need teeth whitening? Teeth whitening uses a bleaching product or an abrasive to make teeth whiter. Teeth whitening is not a medical procedure—it does not result in healthier teeth—but it can result in a brighter smile. This in turn can make people feel better about themselves. Teeth whitening works better for some types of stains than others, so talk to your dentist about whether it is right for you and about the products and procedures available.
• Do older adults have any special concerns? Concerns of older adults include dentures and difficulty brushing.

Dental procedures

The following are some concerns about what might happen at the dentist's office:

• Will a routine visit hurt? If you go to the dentist regularly and take good care of your teeth, there will probably be no pain. If this is your first visit in a long time, or you do not take good care your teeth and gums, there may be some irritation as the dentist cleans the spaces between your teeth and between your teeth and gums.
• Will I need a filling? A filling is a substance that dentists use to replace a decayed or broken portion of a tooth. You often need a filling to fix a cavity. Whether you need a filling depends on how well you take care of your teeth. If you brush and floss on a regular basis and limit how much sugar you eat, chances are you won't need a filling.
• Will I need dental X-rays? Dental X-rays can identify cavities, bone disease, and infections and help in planning orthodontic treatment. In children, they can also identify when new teeth are coming in. X-rays can help your dentist find problems at an early stage, which can save you time, money, and unnecessary pain or discomfort. You and your dentist will set up an X-ray schedule based on your needs.

Children

The following are some concerns about dental care for children:

• How can I make a trip to the dentist enjoyable for my child? A visit to the dentist can be a scary thing for children. You can reduce this possibility by choosing your dentist carefully and preparing your child for his or her first visit. Most importantly, don't communicate your own fears to your child.
• Will my child need fluoride? Fluoride is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay and cavities. It is often added to local water supplies, toothpastes, and other mouth care products. If your water supply does not contain enough fluoride, your dentist may recommend other sources of fluoride.
• How do I brush my child's teeth? It is important to start brushing your child's teeth when they first come in. This keeps your child's teeth and gums healthy and provides a good model for what he or she will do in the future.

Note:Fluoride is safe in the amounts provided in water supplies but can be toxic in large amounts. Toxic levels depend on your child's weight. A lethal dose of fluoride for a 3-year-old child is 500 mg and is even less for a younger child or infant. Keep all products containing fluoride, such as toothpastes and mouthwashes, away from children.

Routine Checkups

Our dentist will recommend how often to have routine checkups. Many people should see their dentists once or twice a year. Your dentist will examine your teeth and gums for signs of tooth decay, gum disease, and other health problems.

• Your dental hygienist will begin to clean your teeth by scraping hard mineral buildup (tartar) off of your teeth with a small metal tool. Then the hygienist will floss your teeth, use a polishing compound, and apply fluoride. Cleanings usually aren't painful.
• Occasionally your dentist will want to take X-rays. The X-rays take only a few minutes.
  • Your dentist or technician will have you put on a heavy apron to shield your body from X-rays. Everyone else in the room will either wear a protective apron or step behind a protective shield.
  • Your dentist or technician will have you bite down on a small piece of plastic. This will help align the teeth properly for the machine. Your dentist or technician will repeat this process several times to get pictures of all your teeth.
• If necessary, your dentist will put a sealant on the chewing surface of your back teeth to help prevent cavities. Sealants keep food and bacteria from getting stuck in the rough chewing surfaces or grooves of your teeth, and they protect your teeth from plaque.
• Your dentist or hygienist may apply a fluoride solution directly to your teeth to help prevent tooth decay. Your dentist may recommend a series of fluoride applications.
• If you are prone to infections, or if infections are particularly dangerous for you, you may need to take antibiotics before you have some types of dental work. You may need to take antibiotics if you:
  • Have certain heart problems that make it dangerous for you to get a heart infection called endocarditis.
  • Have an impaired immune system.
  • Had recent major surgeries or have man-made body parts, such as an artificial hip or heart valve.
• Your dentist or hygienist may ask you about the foods you eat. What you eat and whether you get enough vitamins and minerals can affect your dental health.
• If you have active tooth decay or gum disease, your dentist will talk to you about changing your brushing or flossing habits. In severe cases, he or she may recommend antibiotics or other dental treatments. If your teeth and gums appear healthy, your dentist will recommend that you continue your usual brushing and flossing. 

Gum Disease 

What is gum disease? 

Gum disease is an infection of the tissues and bones that surround and support the teeth. It is also called periodontal disease.

The two stages of gum disease are called gingivitis and periodontitis. Gingivitis (say “jin-juh-VY-tus”) is mild gum disease that affects only the gums, the tissue that surrounds the teeth. Periodontitis (say “pair-ee-oh-don-TY-tus”) is gum disease that gets worse and spreads below the gums to damage the tissues and bone that support the teeth.

• Gingivitis causes red, swollen gums that bleed easily when the teeth are brushed. Because gingivitis usually doesn't cause pain, many people don't get the treatment they need.
• Periodontitis develops if gum disease gets worse. The gums pull away from the teeth, leaving deep pockets where germs called bacteria can grow and damage the bone that supports the teeth. Gums can also shrink back from the teeth. This can make the teeth look longer. Teeth may become loose, fall out, or have to be pulled out by a dentist.

What causes gum disease?
Your mouth constantly makes a clear, sticky substance called plaque that contains bacteria. The bacteria in plaque make poisons, or toxins, that irritate the gums and cause the gum tissues to break down. If you don't do a good job of removing plaque from your teeth, it can spread below the gums and damage the bone that supports the teeth. With time, the plaque hardens into a substance called tartar that has to be removed by a dentist or dental hygienist.
You are more likely to get gum disease if you:

• Do not clean your teeth well.
• Smoke or chew tobacco.
• Have someone in your family who has gum disease.
• Have a condition that makes it harder for your body to fight infection, such as:
  • Uncontrolled diabetes, AIDS, or leukemia.
  • A high level of stress.
  • A poor diet that’s low in nutrients.

What are the symptoms?
It may be hard to tell if you have a mild case of gum disease. Healthy gums are pink and firm, fit snugly around the teeth, and do not bleed easily. But mild cases of gum disease (gingivitis) cause:

• Gums that are red, swollen, and tender.
• Gums that bleed easily during brushing or flossing.

As gum disease gets worse (periodontitis), the symptoms are easier to see, such as:

• Gums that pull away or shrink from the teeth.
• Bad breath that won't go away.
• Pus coming from the gums.
• A change in how your teeth fit together when you bite.
• Loose teeth.

How is gum disease diagnosed?
To find out if you have gum disease, your dentist will do an exam to look for:

• Bleeding gums.
• Hard buildups of plaque and tartar above and below the gums.
• Areas where your gums are pulling away or shrinking from your teeth.
• Pockets that have grown between your teeth and gums.

Your dentist or dental hygienist may take X-rays of your teeth to look for bone damage and other problems.
How is it treated?
If you have a mild case of gum disease, you will probably be able to take care of it by brushing and flossing your teeth every day and getting regular cleanings at your dentist's office.
If your gum disease has become worse and you have periodontitis, your dentist or dental hygienist will clean your teeth using a method called root planing and scaling. This removes the plaque and tartar buildup both above and below the gum line. You may also need to take antibiotics to help get rid of the infection in your mouth. If your gum disease is severe, you may need to have surgery.
How can you prevent gum disease?
Gum disease is most common in adults, but it can affect anyone, even children. So good dental habits are important throughout your life:

• Brush your teeth 2 times a day, in the morning and before bedtime, with a fluoride toothpaste.
• Floss your teeth once each day.
• Visit your dentist for regular checkups and teeth cleaning.
• Don't use tobacco products.

If you think you have a mild case of gum disease, make sure to take care of it before it gets worse. Keeping your teeth and gums healthy and getting regular checkups from your dentist can keep the disease from getting worse.
Having gum disease may increase a pregnant woman's risk of having a premature, low-birth-weight baby.¹ Also, studies have found a direct link between heart disease and the bacteria that cause gum disease.² So taking good care of your teeth and gums may have benefits beyond keeping your mouth healthy.

Malocclusion and Orthodontics

Treatment Overview

Orthodontic treatment uses appliances, tooth removal, or surgery to fix the way teeth and jaws are aligned. There are many ways to treat poor bite (malocclusion). Expert opinions differ about when to start treatment. Your dentist or orthodontist may give you a choice between early or later treatment or may prefer one specific approach.
The general categories of orthodontic devices (appliances) are functional and fixed.
Functional appliancesuse the muscle action from speaking, eating, and swallowing to create forces that move teeth and align the jaws. See a picture of a functional appliance.

• Some functional appliances are removable, while others are bonded to the teeth.
• A functional appliance may fit between the upper and lower teeth (a splint) or may span across the mouth between the molars, pressing the bone outward.

Fixed orthodontic appliances are sets of wires and brackets cemented to the teeth. These are commonly called braces. Over a period of about 24 to 28 months, the wires are tightened and adjusted, gradually applying enough force to move the teeth (bone remodeling).
Retainers are removable appliances made of molded plastic and wire. They hold the teeth in place after braces are taken off. If the teeth start to move back out of position, the orthodontist may bond a short retaining wire to the back of some teeth. This wire will hold the teeth in place.

Child and adolescent treatment

The aim of treatment in the childhood and teen years is to move permanent teeth into place. The orthodontist will time the treatments to match your child's natural growth spurts.
Treatment for crowding, the most common malocclusion problem, may mean removing (extracting) some permanent teeth. But orthodontists avoid removing permanent teeth when they can.
The malocclusion treatments for children and adolescents are:

• Extraction (serial removal). Removing some baby teeth may ease severe crowding.
• Growth modification. This involves wearing fixed or functional appliances during the day and night to move the jaw into a better position.
• Fixed appliances (braces) gradually move the teeth. For children and teens, this treatment phase usually lasts about 24 months; for adults, about 28 months.
• Retainers. Retainers hold the teeth in place after orthodontic treatment. Some orthodontists recommend that retainers be worn for many years, because teeth have a natural tendency to drift out of place.
• Space maintainers, made of metal or plastic. Spacers keep the surrounding teeth from moving (drifting) into open spaces created when teeth are pulled or lost in an accident.

Adult treatment

Orthodontic treatment for malocclusion is a popular option for adults, due in part to better technology. In the past, wide silver bands held braces in place. Today they are less obvious. Instead of the wide bands, a small metal or ceramic fastener is bonded to each tooth, and a narrow wire passes through the fasteners.
New options include:

• Clear plastic instead of silver wires.
• Lingual braces. These braces attach to the back of the front teeth.
• Removable clear plastic aligners (Invisalign). These are molded specifically for you.

Lingual braces and aligners don't work for everyone. They aren't options for children. Your orthodontist can tell you the best choices for your situation.
Orthodontic treatment for adults may also involve:

• Removal (extraction) of teeth to create more space.
• Orthognathic surgery of the jaw.
• A retainer, after braces are removed.
• Adjustments, such as grinding of high tips of teeth, to prevent continued or increased malocclusion for adults.

Most adults have little or no jaw growth. This means that surgery is the only way to correct jaw-related bite problems. Some adults may benefit from simply camouflaging, or hiding, a jaw-related problem. Using braces, the orthodontist can move the teeth so that they fit together, despite the jaw discrepancy. But surgery is the best way to treat more severe jaw problems.

What To Think About

Some cases of malocclusion clearly require orthodontic treatment to straighten teeth. In many cases, though, the decision is a matter of personal choice. Besides looking nice, straight teeth can improve how you bite, chew, and speak. They are also less prone to decay, gum disease, and injury.
The timing of treatment is ultimately up to you and your child or teen. Talk with your orthodontist about the pros and cons of treatment options.
Orthodontic treatment isn't an exact science. The average treatment time is about 2 years, but it can take longer than planned. Usually, adult treatment takes longer than a child's treatment. The treatment time can vary, so ask your dentist how long it may last for you.
After treatment ends, teeth often begin to shift. Molded plastic retainers, usually worn at night, help prevent this tooth movement. You may need a retainer for an indefinite amount of time.
Orthodontic treatment is costly. Most medical and dental insurance plans don't pay for orthodontics. Before deciding on treatment, ask about the projected cost, terms of payment, and terms of the treatment contract.
Orthodontic treatment doesn't pose risks to adults who have healthy teeth and gums. Adults who have gum (periodontal) disease, though, must first get treatment from a periodontist to avoid possible gum damage or tooth loss. Orthodontic treatment sometimes can make preexisting gum condition worse.

How Can I Cure My Anxiety Without Drugs?

If you feel worried and tense over everyday matters for longer than six months, you might be among the forty million Americans who suffer from chronic anxiety. By Andrew Weil, M.D., Prevention

Situational anxiety before, say, your first date after a divorce is completely normal. But if you feel worried and tense over everyday matters for longer than six months, you might be among the forty million Americans who suffer from chronic anxiety. While some prescription drugs can help calm you down by influencing levels of GABA, a brain chemical that improves mood and decreases distress, they also can come with a slew of side effects, including dizziness, drowsiness, and forgetfulness, not to mention withdrawal symptoms after you stop taking them.

Unless you suffer from severe, debilitating anxiety, I always recommend trying natural approaches before considering prescription drugs. There are several well-known tactics with proven results: Cut back on caffeine (in coffee, chocolate, soda, and energy drinks), as it can raise your heart rate and make jangled nerves worse; seek out a talk therapist; and practice deep breathing, which calms your nervous system. In addition to these classic techniques, I recommend trying one or more of these effective solutions:

Go herbal

Kava and passionflower may be the most effective antianxiety herbs, reports a recent review in the Nutrition Journal. (If you have liver disease, avoid kava.) Other research suggests valerian may also help. Check with your doctor before taking any of these supplements, and plan to take them for no longer than a month. Choose one at a time to try (they're all available online or at health food stores), and follow the directions on the label.

Feast on fish

Research suggests that people with chronic anxiety have lower-than-normal levels of omega-3 fatty acids. Studies have found that balancing this deficit may help relieve symptoms. Add more omega-3s to your diet by eating several servings of fatty fish, such as salmon, sardines, or mackerel, weekly. You can also find omega-3s in walnuts and freshly ground flaxseed, as well as in fish oil supplements: Take 2 to 3 g a day with meals, but check with your doctor first if you also take aspirin, Coumadin, or other blood-thinning drugs, which can interact with fish oil.

Say yes to yoga

Just one hour-long session of yoga offers the GABA-boosting effects of conventional medications, with no side effects. According to a recent study in the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, yoga is more effective than walking for reducing anxiety, although it's still unclear why. For lasting results, practice yoga regularly and at least once a week.

Sip green tea

The amino acid L-theanine, which gives green tea its unique flavor, also has calming effects. Studies have shown that L-theanine increases alpha brain waves, which are linked to increased relaxation. If, like me, you enjoy the flavor of green tea, drink several cups throughout the day. (Don't worry about the jitters— green tea is lower in caffeine than black, and L-theanine seems to neutralize its effect.) Decaf green tea is fine too, and if you're not a tea drinker, you can try 200 mg of supplemental L-theanine a day for up to a month.

Provided by Prevention

 

Damage Control for Six Unhealthy Habits

 If you’ve ever ignored the conventional wisdom of health experts on the dangers of smoking, tanning, junk foods, or other indulgences, you’ve likely suffered damage to your health and body. Keep reading and learn how to reverse or minimize the effects of those bad habits.
 

The mistake: Smoking
 You drained carton after carton of cigarettes—for 15 years.

The expert
Dr. Norman H. Edelman, chief medical officer for the American Lung Association

The damage

Someone who has smoked this long likely has “bad breath, smelly clothes and hair, beginning wrinkles, discolored teeth and perhaps nails,” says Dr. Edelman. “In addition, their exercise tolerance is likely to be limited to some degree and they are likely to have chronic smoker’s cough.”

Smoking: Damage control
After quitting cigarettes, long-time smokers should check for lung damage. To do this, Dr. Edelman recommends asking your health care provider for a simple breathing test called a spirometry, which can be performed in your doctor’s office to evaluate lung health.

In our scenario, which involves a smoker of 15 years, most of the symptoms listed on the previous slide are reversible after quitting cigarettes, says Dr. Edelman. Kick the habit and the bad breath, coughing, and strong body odor will likely fade away. What sticks around, according to our expert, are the wrinkles and discoloration. Still, it’s worth noting that upon quitting, the physical ramifications of smoking won’t progress. Need more incentive? Swearing off nicotine is “the most effective preventive action anyone can take to insure better health,” according to Edelman. “On the average, it will add six to eight years to one’s life.”

The mistake: Sun without sunscreen

Every summer, you’ve splashed in the pool, picnicked in full sun, and played one too many match of beach volleyball—without sunscreen. You may have even paid some visits to the tanning salon for a head start on your summer glow.

The expert
Dr. Arielle Kauvar, associate professor of dermatology at NYU’s School of Medicine
  

The damage
“Aside from causing skin cancer, sun exposure and indoor tanning are the major causes of skin aging,” says Dr. Kauvar. “Severely sun damaged skin will have a dry, dull appearance, uneven skin pigmentation and freckling, visible capillaries, and wrinkles.”

Sun without sunscreen: Damage control“
Start by having a full-body skin examination by a dermatologist,” says Dr. Kauvar, who points out that this recommended yearly exam is especially important for people who have had a lot of sun exposure. Next, invest in a good broad-spectrum sunscreen. Select one with UVB and UVA coverage and SPF of 30 or higher, then pair this with a topical anti-oxidant. “Antioxidants neutralize the damage from the sun’s rays that pass through the sunscreen,” says Dr. Kauvar. Finally, “Avoid direct exposure between the peak hours of 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.,” says our expert. If you must head outdoors during these hours, wear protective clothing and break out the sunscreen.

The mistake: Poor dental hygiene
Your toothbrush and floss are buried in the bathroom drawer, and you can’t remember the last time you visited the dentist.

The expert
Matthew Messina, dentist with a private practice in Fairview Park, Ohio, and consumer adviser for the American Dental Association

The damage
“Just because someone ignores the bacteria present in their mouth doesn’t mean the bacteria will return the favor and ignore them,” says Messina. “Failure to address the damage from bacteria will lead to cavities, gum inflammation, gum recession, and periodontal disease [also known as gum disease]. Eventually, this will lead to infection and tooth loss.” Though your mouth may seem like a lost cause, there's no need to throw in the towel, says our expert. “While there will likely be damage that we have to address with some dental work to 'make up' for the routine maintenance that hasn't been done for some time, usually things aren't as bad as people fear.”

Poor dental hygiene: Damage control
To start, says Messina, “It’s time to get a new toothbrush and begin to put it to use. Try brushing after breakfast and before bed and work up from there.” Next, bring your floss out of retirement. “While flossing daily is best, three times a week is better than none,” says our expert. Finally, make an appointment with your dentist for a thorough exam. Beyond any special treatment that may be in order, “a professional cleaning will be needed to remove the hard tartar buildup that brushing and flossing won’t get off,” says Messina.

The mistake: Junk-food junkie
The building blocks of your personal food pyramid include items from the office vending machine and the local fast food chain.

The expert
Lona Sandon, registered dietician and spokesperson for the American Dietetic Association

The damage
“It took years to get to this point, and it will take years to reverse it,” says Sandon. “Start assessing the consequences of the past by stepping on the scale.” Our expert recommends calculating your body mass index (BMI) to determine if you are at a healthy weight. “Next, visit your doctor to find out your blood pressure and cholesterol levels,” says Sandon.

Damage control
Cleaning up your diet for the long run requires both a strategy and advance preparation—but the good news is that your game plan is relatively simple, says Sandon.

Step 1: Make a list of fruits and vegetables you like and will eat. Buy these items and keep them within reach in case hunger strikes.

Step 2: Draw a line down the middle of a piece of paper. On one side, list snacks you typically choose and when you usually eat them. On the other side, write down a healthier snack option for that snack and time. Plan to eat the healthier alternatives whether at home or work.

Step 3: Think small. Start with small goals that you know you can reach, like eating two servings of fruits per day instead of going for the full four. After you meet these modest goals, shoot for a slightly bigger goal. It’s all about sustainable, lifelong changes—nothing too dramatic.

Step 4: Add more physical activity in your day. One option is to walk the stairs at work during your break. Just be sure to wear comfortable shoes or keep a pair of sneakers at your desk. Setting up your environment with all the right tools encourages healthy behaviors.

The mistake: Unprotected sex
You’ve had more than a few sexual partners—and you often skipped the condom.

The expert
Dr. Jeanne Marrazzo, medical director of the Seattle STD/HIV Prevention Training Center

The damage
Having unprotected sex puts you at risk for HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases—and the more partners involved, the greater the risk.

Unprotected sex: Damage control
“While the incidence of HIV remains low in the U.S. in many populations, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recently recommended that all adults be tested for HIV at least once. This is an excellent opportunity to get that done,” says Dr. Marrazzo. Free tests are available at many clinics and community organizations.

Beyond HIV, our expert recommends a blood test for anyone who hasn’t been vaccinated for Hepatitis B or anyone with recurring genital rashes or sores (often the result of a very common sexually transmitted infection called genital herpes). “If a person is in his or her 30s and has no genital symptoms, I would not recommend routine testing for other sexually transmitted infections, like chlamydia or gonorrhea,” says Dr. Marrazzo.

As for guaranteeing your future sexual health, our expert recommends finding a good health care provider with whom you can comfortably and openly discuss any of your concerns.

The mistake: Heavy drinking
In college you majored in drinking and your bar-hopping habits didn’t stop on graduation day.

The expert
Mark L. Willenbring, M.D., director for the division of treatment and recovery research at the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
  

The damage
“Risky drinking is defined as more than four drinks a day for men or three for women on any given day, and more than 14 drinks for men or 7 for women in a typical week,” according to Dr. Willenbring. “Exceeding this daily limit even 12 times a year places the drinker at increased risk for alcohol use disorders, alcohol abuse, and alcohol dependence. Of course, the impact of drinking to excess differs according to an individual’s mental health history, family history, and personal experiences: “If a parent or sibling is dependent on alcohol, a person’s risk of developing dependence increases by a factor of two to four times,” says Dr. Willenbring. The good news is that “many people who drink excessively in their 20s incur no lasting damage.”

Damage control
Former heavy drinkers and binge drinkers (defined as males who consume upward of five drinks and women who consume upward of four drinks in a two-hour period) should “initiate a personal health promotion program focused on diet, exercise, sleep, and social support,” says Dr. Willenbring. This should include learning new behaviors to fulfill the same purpose that drinking once served. Reformed social drinkers, for instance, might satisfy their desire to interact with others by enrolling in a community class or a recreational sport. Those individuals who used alcohol to self-medicate during times of stress might search for a relaxing new hobby like yoga. The goal is to promote well-being and self-confidence. Dr. Willenbring concludes, “Remain vigilant. Know how much and how often you drink and why.”